There are systems that have evolved from computational design, digital manufacturing, robotic automation, and materials research that have allowed robots to adapt to the design of new innovations in a versatile way with 3D printing—as is the case of clay art.
Currently, the development of technology in 3D printing applications has touched fields such as archeology, architecture, and art in general, where it has been used for the restoration and protection of cultural objects and structures by recreating replicas to keep the originals in safe places.
The high performance provided by the use of this printing technology is of great significance in the protection and reconstruction of relics of Chinese culture.
This is the case of the Chinese researcher Jia-Zheng Zhu from the Nanjing Normal University who looks to preserve ancient ceramics with a minimal impact. Zhu studies in detail the application of the 3D printing robot with industrial robots and this process was carried out in the Nanjing Museum using a Kuka robot with a 3D ceramic printing system.
Generating robot motion sequences
Inverse modeling of broken pieces (it is divided into two aspects, the first is the reconstruction of the spatial position, and the second is the reconstruction of the surface).
Temperature control of the sintering of printing and post-processing parts
Feed pressure tank control
Zhu says that “both 3D scanning and 3D printing industrial robots are already being widely used and offer huge advantages because they can collect data to make replicas without damaging relics such as those made in ceramics, and they can be extremely accurate when making repairs.”
The great benefits represented by the use of industrial robots range from the reduction of waste to the speed of manufacturing, precision of movements, the ease of use of the system that has the ability to collect, save and transfer data by scanning, which helps with an inverse restructuring that repairs and rebuilds the parts.
However, there are some obstacles to this process, such as accessibility or the use of other attached technology that requires experts in the management of hardware, software, and materials, or who even have knowledge of scanning and printing.
Zhu concluded by saying, “During the repair process, we avoid the risk of secondary damage caused by processes such as overturning and replacement in the traditional process. At the same time, 3D printing industrial robots can adapt to the diverse needs of different materials and cultural relics, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the restoration of traditional cultural relics.”
However, the use of industrial robots is the most efficient and accurate way to replicate and conserve cultural relics, and the original historical appearance of relics can even be preserved, achieving a non-corrosive effect that’s fast and accurate in a shorter amount of time.
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