An industrial robot refers to the robot arm used in a factory for manufacturing purposes. With a number of industrial robots available, they can be classified according to various criteria such as types of movements, manufacturing process and architecture. Let’s take a look at the different types of industrial robots available:
Robots with Different Types of Movements
- Cartesian Robots: These are mechatronic devices that use motors and linear actuators to position a tool. They make linear movements in three axes, X, Y and Z. They stay within the framework’s confines, but the framework can be mounted vertically or horizontally.
- Scara Robots: Scara Robots are similar to Cartesian Robots. They too make three linear movements. Furthermore, they rotate around a vertical axis. This is why they are used in vertical assembly operations such as inserting pins in holes without binding.
- 6-axis Robots: 6 axis robots are often used for executing welding, machine tending and palletizing tasks. They can completely position their tool in a given position with 3 translations and 3 orientations.
Robots for Different Applications
- Welding Robots: Welding robots are used for automating a welding process by performing welding. Typically six axis robots are used for this. These robots are commonly used in the automotive industry, given their extensive welding use.
- Assembly Robot: An assembly robot usually requires a small workspace. These robots are precise and very quick in performing their activities. Usually dual arm robots are used for performing assembly activities.
- Painting Robot: Automating painting applications require specialized equipment in order to achieve consistent and accurate paint finish quality. A robot that is explosion-proof with a large movement range is used for painting purposes in factories.
Serial or Parallel Robots
- Serial Robots: Serial robots are the most common types of robots. They are composed of a series of joints and linkages that go from the base to the robot tool. They have six joints and are usually used for pick and place assembly.
- Parallel Robots: Known as spider robots, parallel robots are available in different forms. These robots are like multiple arms working together. They have a smaller workspace but high acceleration.
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