Industrial automation has revolutionized manufacturing in recent decades, and one of the processes most benefited has been the turning of parts. The integration of robotic lathes in production lines allows for greater precision, reduction of cycle times, and cost optimization. In this article, we will explore the impact of this technology on the productivity and profitability of industrial companies.
Turning is an essential machining process in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and mechanical component manufacturing. Traditionally, lathes have been operated manually or through computer numerical control (CNC). However, the integration of robotic arms in CNC lathes has enabled complete automation of the process, eliminating the need for human intervention and increasing operational efficiency.
For the rotation of workpieces with a robotic lathe, industrial robots from well-known brands such as KUKA, ABB, Fanuc, and Yaskawa are mainly used. These robots must have specific features such as high precision, adequate load capacity, and compatibility with CNC systems. Some recommended models are:
- KUKA
- KUKA KR AGILUS (KR 6 R900, KR 10 R1100) – Ideal for loading and unloading tasks in CNC lathes for small and medium-sized parts.
- KUKA KR CYBERTECH (KR 16, KR 30, KR 50) – For machining applications with higher load capacity and precision.
- KUKA KR QUANTEC (KR 120, KR 180, KR 240) – Suitable for handling heavier parts in large-scale industrial lathes.
- ABB
- ABB IRB 1200 – Compact and efficient for feeding lathes in confined spaces.
- ABB IRB 2600 – Balance between load capacity and speed, ideal for loading and unloading medium-sized parts.
- ABB IRB 6700 – For high load capacity and resistance applications in large-scale robotic lathes.
- Fanuc
- Fanuc M-10iA/M-20iA – Lightweight, fast, and precise models for feeding small lathes.
- Fanuc R-2000iC – Large load capacity (up to 210 kg) and wide working range for large parts.
- Fanuc M-900iA – Robust and suitable for handling heavy parts in turning processes.
- Yaskawa (Motoman)
- Motoman GP8 / GP12 – Fast and compact for feeding small and medium-sized CNC lathes.
- Motoman MH50 – Good load capacity and precision in machining applications.
- Motoman ES165D/ES200D – High load capacity for handling large parts.
These robots can be integrated with artificial vision systems, control software, and advanced clamping systems to improve precision and automation in turning processes.
Comparison with Similar Technologies
- Conventional CNC lathes: While highly precise, they require manual loading and unloading of parts.
- 3D Printing: Although it is an emerging technology, it does not replace turning in high-strength metal parts.
- CNC Milling: Used for complementary operations to turning, but does not replace it.
Trends and Future The future of robotic lathes points to:
- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Optimization of the process in real-time.
- Greater Interconnectivity (Industry 4.0): Integration with production management systems (MES) and automated quality control.
- Use of Advanced Materials: Adaptation to new alloys and composite materials.
- Collaborative Robots (Cobots): Integration with human operators for specialized tasks.
Robotic lathes represent a revolution in modern manufacturing, allowing greater efficiency, precision, and profitability. Despite initial challenges, their adoption in various industries has shown significant improvements in productivity and cost reduction. With the evolution of technology and its integration with artificial intelligence, the future of robotic lathes is promising and will continue to transform the manufacturing industry.
For more information on how URT can help your company implement robotic solutions, visit URT here and discover how we can transform your manufacturing process.